KLOW Blend: Composition, Components and What the Research Shows (GHK-Cu + BPC-157 + TB-500 + KPV)

Evidence at a glance

Preclinical only, blend unstudied

KLOW puts four peptides together, each with its own preclinical literature. No study has examined them as a combination.

Why researchers are interested

The four were chosen to cover repair and inflammation at the same time, through collagen and copper delivery, tendon and gut repair, cell migration, and an anti-inflammatory fragment. That breadth is the appeal of the blend, and also the reason nothing can be attributed to any one component.

What the research found

• Collagen and tissue remodelling (GHK-Cu)Stimulated collagen production and remodelling in vitro (Pickart, 2008)
• Tendon repair (BPC-157)Increased tendon fibroblast outgrowth, survival and migration in culture (Chang, 2011)
• Cell migration and repair (TB-500)Thymosin beta-4 supported cardiomyocyte migration and survival after injury in mice (Bock-Marquette, Nature 2004)
• Anti-inflammatory action (KPV)Reduced intestinal inflammation in two mouse colitis models (Dalmasso, 2008; Kannengiesser, 2008)

Reported in the literature

• BPC-157: a 2025 systematic review found 35 preclinical studies, one small retrospective clinical report and no clinical safety data (Vasireddi, 2025).
• Clinical work on thymosin beta-4 used the full-length protein, not the TB-500 fragment; the KPV studies are all preclinical.
• The four way combination has never been studied, so no interaction or additive effect data exists.
• BPC-157 (S0) and thymosin beta-4 and its derivatives including TB-500 (S2) are prohibited in sport at all times under the WADA Prohibited List.

Findings are summarised from the sources listed under References on this page, and from approved product labelling where a compound has one. These are outcomes observed in published studies, not effects claimed for any person, and nothing here is a recommendation for human use.

← All research guides

KLOW is a four-component research blend supplied as a single lyophilized powder: GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV. This guide covers the exact composition of a vial, the identity of each component with CAS numbers checked against PubChem, what each one is studied for in the published literature, and how the four-peptide blend differs from the three-peptide version. It is written for researchers and is not medical guidance.

What is in a KLOW vial

The name is the component list. Each of the four is a compound studied on its own in the published literature, and the blend exists so those pathways can be examined together in one preparation rather than reconstituted separately.

A Lumen KLOW 80 mg vial contains 80 mg of total peptide mass, divided as follows:

• GHK-Cu — 50 mg (62.5% of the vial by mass)
• BPC-157 — 10 mg (12.5%)
• TB-500 — 10 mg (12.5%)
• KPV — 10 mg (12.5%)

Those figures come from the product specification itself, not from a third-party summary. Composition is not standardised across suppliers, so both the component list and the milligram split should be read from the specification of the vial actually being purchased rather than assumed from the name.

Research-use note: this blend is supplied strictly for laboratory research. It is not an approved drug, not a supplement, and not for human or animal consumption. Every study referenced below was carried out in cell culture or animal models, and none of it describes or endorses use in people.

Component identity, with CAS numbers that resolve

Blend listings circulate with CAS numbers copied between sites, and they drift. Every number below was checked against PubChem on 2 October 2026, so each one can be pasted into a chemical database and return the compound it is supposed to name.

• GHK-Cu, 50 mg — the copper complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine. Two CAS numbers are in circulation and they are not interchangeable: 49557-75-7 is GHK, the copper-free tripeptide (PubChem CID 73587, C₁₄H₂₄N₆O₄, 340.38 g/mol), while 89030-95-5 is the copper complex itself (CID 71587328, C₁₄H₂₃CuN₆O₄⁺, 402.92 g/mol). Many listings that say GHK-Cu quote the first.
• BPC-157, 10 mg — a synthetic 15-amino-acid sequence. CAS 137525-51-0 (CID 9941957, C₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂, 1419.5 g/mol).
• TB-500, 10 mg — CAS 77591-33-4 resolves to full-length thymosin β4, a 43-amino-acid protein (CID 16132341, C₂₁₂H₃₅₀N₅₆O₇₈S, 4963 g/mol). TB-500 as sold in the research market is usually the shorter actin-binding fragment rather than the whole protein, so treat this CAS as identifying the parent molecule and confirm the form with the supplier.
• KPV, 10 mg — the tripeptide lysine-proline-valine, the C-terminal three residues of α-MSH. CAS 67727-97-3 (CID 125672, C₁₆H₃₀N₄O₄, 342.43 g/mol). If a listing gives KPV as 69630-60-0, that number belongs to methionine methyl ester hydrochloride, an unrelated compound.

What each component is studied for

The blend has no combined literature of its own. What exists is four separate bodies of work, and the honest way to read a blend is one component at a time.

GHK-Cu

A copper-binding tripeptide examined in tissue-remodeling and gene-expression research. Pickart’s 2008 review is the usual entry point. Later reviews by Pickart and colleagues (BioMed Research International, 2015; International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018) describe collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in fibroblast studies, and use gene-expression datasets to argue that GHK influences a large number of genes at once. Most of that review literature comes from the same research group, which is worth knowing when weighing it. See our GHK-Cu research guide.

BPC-157

Studied in soft-tissue and gastrointestinal models. Chang and colleagues (J Appl Physiol, 2011) reported increased tendon fibroblast outgrowth, survival and migration in culture. The clearest summary of where the evidence stands is a 2025 systematic review in HSS Journal (Vasireddi et al.): of 36 studies that met its criteria, 35 were preclinical and one was a small retrospective clinical report of 12 patients. The review found a half-life under 30 minutes in metabolism studies, no adverse effects in preclinical safety work, and no clinical safety data. See our BPC-157 research guide.

TB-500

Relates to thymosin β4, an actin-binding protein associated with cell migration and tissue repair. Philp and Kleinman reviewed the animal studies in 2010. A frequently cited mechanism paper (Bock-Marquette et al., Nature, 2004) reported that thymosin β4 formed a complex with PINCH and integrin-linked kinase, activated the survival kinase Akt, and supported cardiomyocyte migration and survival in mice after coronary ligation. Goldstein and colleagues (Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2015) review the clinical programmes. Those used the full-length protein; the shorter fragment sold as TB-500 is a different molecule, and results for one should not be read as results for the other.

KPV

The most mechanistically specific of the four. Dalmasso and colleagues (Gastroenterology, 2008) reported that KPV enters cells through the PepT1 transporter and, at nanomolar concentrations, reduced NF-κB and MAP kinase inflammatory signalling. Kannengiesser and colleagues (Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 2008) tested it in two mouse colitis models and reported reduced inflammatory infiltrates and myeloperoxidase activity, with effects that appeared at least partly independent of the melanocortin-1 receptor. All of it is cell culture and mouse work. See our KPV research guide.

Strong evidence for one component is not evidence for the blend. Attributing a GHK-Cu result to KLOW as a whole is the most common error in how these preparations get described.

What the evidence does not contain

Three gaps matter more than any single finding above.

• No study of the blend. No published study has examined GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV together, so there is no data on interaction, stability in combination, or additive effect.
• Almost no human data. BPC-157’s human record is one small retrospective report with no clinical safety data. The KPV work cited here is entirely preclinical. Clinical work on thymosin β4 used the full-length protein rather than the TB-500 fragment.
• No approvals. None of the four, alone or combined, is approved by a medicines regulator for any use. Under the WADA Prohibited List, BPC-157 falls under S0 and thymosin β4 and its derivatives, including TB-500, under S2; both are prohibited in sport at all times.

KLOW compared with the three-peptide GLOW formulation

The two are routinely confused because they share three of four components. The three-peptide formulation commonly sold as GLOW is GHK-Cu, BPC-157 and TB-500. KLOW is those same three plus KPV.

In the Lumen specification the shared three sit at GHK-Cu 50 mg, BPC-157 10 mg and TB-500 10 mg, totalling 70 mg, and KPV adds the remaining 10 mg to reach 80 mg. Nothing is removed or substituted — the difference is additive.

The practical consequence is scope, not strength. The three shared components are studied around tissue repair, matrix and cell migration. KPV is the only one of the four with a substantial inflammatory-signalling literature, so its presence is what makes a blend relevant to that class of question. If a model does not examine inflammatory signalling, the fourth component adds a variable without adding an answer.

Form, reconstitution and storage

KLOW is supplied as a lyophilized powder. Standard laboratory practice is to reconstitute with bacteriostatic water, swirl rather than shake until dissolved, and keep the reconstituted solution refrigerated at 2–8 °C. The sealed lyophilized vial is stored frozen, protected from light and moisture, and repeated freeze-thaw cycles are avoided.

Because the four components are present in one vial, they are reconstituted together and cannot be varied independently. A study that needs to adjust one component against the others needs the single compounds rather than the blend. Our walkthrough covers the general procedure: how to reconstitute peptides.

(General lab-handling notes, not usage instructions. Storage times and handling should follow the protocol in force in the receiving laboratory.)

For research use only

All products and information referenced here are intended strictly for laboratory and scientific research use only. They are not for human or animal consumption and are not drugs, foods, supplements, or medical devices. Nothing here should be interpreted as medical advice, and no outcome in a person is described, implied or promised. Products are supplied against a stated purity specification, and buyers are expected to be qualified researchers or institutions.

Explore this blend and its components

• KLOW 80 mg — the four-peptide blend, verified specifications
• GHK-Cu — the copper tripeptide on its own
• KPV 10 mg — the component that distinguishes KLOW from GLOW
• Wolverine Stack (BPC-157 + TB-500) — the repair pair without the copper tripeptide
• Full research catalog

Common questions about KLOW

What is in KLOW?

Four peptides: GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV. Each has its own research guide: GHK-Cu, BPC-157 and KPV.

How is KLOW different from the Wolverine Stack?

The Wolverine Stack is BPC-157 and TB-500 only. KLOW adds GHK-Cu and KPV.

Has KLOW been studied as a blend?

No. The published research covers each component separately; no study of the four-peptide blend itself has been published.

References

1. Pickart L. The human tri-peptide GHK and tissue remodeling. 2008. PubMed
2. Chang CH, et al. The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon fibroblast outgrowth. J Appl Physiol. 2011. PubMed
3. Philp D, Kleinman HK. Animal studies with thymosin beta, a multifunctional tissue repair and regeneration peptide. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010. PubMed
4. Dalmasso G, et al. PepT1-mediated tripeptide KPV uptake reduces intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology. 2008. PubMed
5. Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration. Biomed Res Int. 2015. PubMed
6. Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. Int J Mol Sci. 2018. PubMed
7. Vasireddi N, et al. Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review. HSS J. 2025. PubMed
8. Bock-Marquette I, et al. Thymosin beta4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival and cardiac repair. Nature. 2004. PubMed
9. Goldstein AL, Kleinman HK. Advances in the basic and clinical applications of thymosin β4. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2015. PubMed
10. Kannengiesser K, et al. Melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV has anti-inflammatory potential in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008. PubMed
11. World Anti-Doping Agency. Prohibited List 2026, sections S0 and S2. wada-ama.org
12. Compound identity verified against the PubChem database, retrieved 2 October 2026. PubChem